A defect found in the neck or just below the collarbone (clavicle) that may be visible as pits in the skin, projections of tissue, or lumps.

Causes, incidence, and risk factors

These defects appear early during development of the embryo when tissues of the branchial cleft (the area in the neck and collarbone) fail to develop in the normal manner. The sinuses and cysts may appear on one or both sides. Fluid occasionally can drain from a sinus, and these structures can become infected.

Signs and tests

Examination by your health care provider is often sufficient to diagnose this condition, and testing is usually not necessary.

Treatment

Antibiotics must be given for infected branchial cleft cysts or sinuses. Surgical removal is indicated if there are persistent problems with drainage or infection.

Expectations (prognosis)

Most branchial cleft remnants require no treatment.

Complications

Calling your health care provider

Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you notice a small pit, cleft, or lump in the neck or upper shoulder especially if fluid drains from this area.

Prevention

There is no known prevention.